Whole IgG antibodies are isolated as intact molecules from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography. They have an Fc portion and two antigen binding Fab portions joined together by disulfide bonds and therefore they are divalent. The average molecular weight is reported to be about 160 kDa. The whole IgG form of antibodies is suitable for the majority of immunodetection procedures and is the most cost effective.

Store freeze-dried powder at 2-8°C. When ready to use, rehydrate with indicated volume of d. water and centrifuge if not clear. Product is stable for about 6 weeks at 2-8°C as an undiluted liquid. Prepare working dilution fresh each day. For extended storage after rehydration, add an equal volume of glycerol (ACS grade or better) for a final concentration of 50%, and store at -20°C as a liquid. Note: after the addition of glycerol, the concentration of protein and buffer salts is one-half of the original. Alternatively, aliquot and freeze the product at -70°C or below in the absence of glycerol. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.Expiration date: one year from date of rehydration. However, the expiration date may be extended if the product is stored according to the recommendation and the test results are acceptable for its intended use.Note: Store stained specimens at 4°C to preserve fluorescence.

1:50 - 1:200 for most applicationsDilution factors are presented in the form of a range because the optimal dilution is a function of many factors, such as antigen density, permeability, etc. The actual dilution used must be determined empirically.

Brilliant Violet 480™

BD Brilliant™ Violet 480 (BV480) has an Excitation peak at 436 nm with maximal emission at 478 nm. Brilliant Violet polymer chains can be considered as a collection of optical segments, each with the ability to absorb light and emit fluorescence signal. This results in materials that have a bright fluorescence signal for better resolution and sensitivity.

If nuclear counterstaining is desired, 4-color antibody staining is possible using Brilliant Violet™ 421, Brilliant Violet™ 480, Alexa Fluor® 488 and Rhodamine Red™-X. If nuclear counterstaining is desired, 4-color antibody staining is possible using Brilliant Violet™ 421, Brilliant Violet™ 480, Alexa Fluor® 488 and Rhodamine Red™-X. Switching the nuclear stain from DAPI (emission in the blue region) to DRAQ5™ (which has red emission) frees the violet-blue region of the spectrum to accommodate the two Brilliant Violet dyes. DRAQ5’s excitation and emission profiles overlap those of Alexa Fluor 647.